Isivivinyo Esisheshayo se-TOXO IgG/IgM

Indlela yokuhlola
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuxilonga eziyinhloko ze-toxoplasmosis: ukuxilongwa kwe-pathogenic, ukuxilongwa kwe-immunological kanye nokuxilongwa kwamangqamuzana.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pathogenic ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa ukuxilongwa kwe-histological, ukujova kwezilwane nokuzihlukanisa, kanye nesiko lamaseli.Izindlela zokuxilonga ezijwayelekile ze-serological zihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kodayi, ukuhlolwa kwe-hemagglutination engaqondile, ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody okungaqondile kwe-immunofluorescence kanye ne-enzyme exhunywe i-immunosorbent assay.Ukuxilongwa kwamangqamuzana kufaka phakathi ubuchwepheshe be-PCR kanye nobuchwepheshe be-nucleic acid hybridization.
Ukuhlolwa komzimba okhulelwe komama abakhulelwe kubandakanya ukuhlolwa okubizwa nge-TORCH.I-TORCH iyinhlanganisela yohlamvu lokuqala lwegama lesiNgisi lamagciwane amaningana.Uhlamvu u-T umele i-Toxoplasma gondii.(Ezinye izinhlamvu zimelela i-syphilis, i-rubella virus, i-cytomegalovirus kanye ne-herpes simplex virus ngokulandelanayo.)
Hlola isimiso
Ukuhlolwa kwe-pathogen
1. Ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-microscopic yegazi lesiguli, umnkantsha noma uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal, i-pleural kanye ne-ascites, isikhwehlela, i-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, i-aqueous humor, i-amniotic fluid, njll. ukuze kwenziwe ama-smears, noma ama-lymph nodes, imisipha, isibindi, i-placenta nezinye izicubu eziphilayo. izigaba, ze-Reich noma i-Ji staining microscopic ukuhlolwa kungathola ama-trophozoites noma ama-cysts, kodwa izinga elihle alikho phezulu.Ingasetshenziselwa futhi i-immunofluorescence eqondile ukuthola i-Toxoplasma gondii ezicutshini.
2. Ukujova kwezilwane noma isiko lezicubu Thatha uketshezi lomzimba noma ukumiswa kwezicubu ukuze uhlolwe bese ujova emgodini wesisu wamagundane.Ukutheleleka kungenzeka futhi amagciwane angatholakala.Uma isizukulwane sokuqala se-inoculation singalungile, kufanele sidluliselwe ngokungaboni izikhathi ezintathu.Noma isiko lamathishu (izinso zenkawu noma amaseli ezinso zezingulube) ukuze ahlukanise futhi akhombe i-Toxoplasma gondii.
3. Ubuchwepheshe be-DNA hybridization Izazi zasekhaya zasebenzisa ama-probe anelebula angu-32P aqukethe ukulandelana kwe-DNA ethize ye-Toxoplasma gondii okokuqala ngqa ukuze zenze i-molecular hybridization ngamaseli noma izicubu ze-DNA egazini le-peripheral leziguli, futhi zabonisa ukuthi amabhendi athile okuxutshwa noma amachashazi ayewukusabela okuhle.Kokubili ukucaciswa nokuzwela bekuphezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) nayo yasungulwa eShayina ukuze kuhlolwe lesi sifo, futhi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-probe hybridization, ukugonywa kwezilwane nezindlela zokuhlola amasosha omzimba, kubonisa ukuthi icacile kakhulu, iyazwela futhi iyashesha.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Immunological
1. Ama-antigen asetshenziselwa ukuthola i-antibody ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa i-tachyzoite antigen encibilikayo (i-cytoplasmic antigen) kanye ne-membrane antigen.I-antibody yangaphambili ivele ngaphambili (itholwe ngokuhlolwa kwe-staining kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-immunofluorescence engaqondile), kanti lena yakamuva yavela kamuva (itholwe ukuhlolwa kwe-hemagglutination engaqondile, njll.).Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindlela zokuthola eziningi zingadlala indima ehambisanayo futhi zithuthukise izinga lokutholwa.Ngenxa yokuthi i-Toxoplasma gondii ingaba khona emangqamuzaneni omuntu isikhathi eside, kunzima ukuhlukanisa ukutheleleka kwamanje noma ukutheleleka okudlule ngokuthola amasosha omzimba.Ingahlulelwa ngokuya nge-antibody titer kanye nezinguquko zayo eziguqukayo.
2. I-antigen yokutholwa isetshenziselwa ukuthola amagciwane (ama-tachyzoite noma ama-cysts) kumaseli aphethe, ama-metabolites noma imikhiqizo ye-lysis (ama-antigen ajikelezayo) ku-serum noketshezi lomzimba ngezindlela ze-immunology.Kuyindlela ethembekile yokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuxilongwa okuqondile.Izazi ekhaya naphesheya zithole i-McAb ELISA kanye nesemishi i-ELISA phakathi kwe-McAb nama-multiantibody ukuze kutholwe i-antigen ejikelezayo ku-serum yeziguli ezibucayi, nokuzwela okungu-0.4 μ G/ml kwe-antigen.